Fire the first shot.
Release time:
2022-01-17
In 1927, Nanchang City had a total area of 8.28 square kilometers and a population of 170,000. The city was surrounded by walls, with a total of seven city gates. At that time, the enemy troops stationed in Nanchang included the Fifth Front Army Guard Regiment, the 23rd and 24th Regiments of the Third Army, the 57th Regiment of the Sixth Army, and the 79th and 80th Regiments of the Ninth Army, totaling about 6,000 men. Our forces included the 20th Army led by He Long, the 24th Division of the 11th Army led by Ye Ting, and some students from the Officer Education Regiment of the Third Army led by Zhu De, along with the 10th Division of Cai Tingkai, which was preparing to mobilize for the uprising, and the 25th Division of the Fourth Army, which planned to arrive in Nanchang after the uprising, totaling over 20,000 men. According to the operational deployment determined by the front committee, He Long's troops were responsible for attacking the enemy's command post and the 79th Regiment of the Ninth Army, while Ye Ting's troops were responsible for attacking the other enemy regiments. Zhu De, following the front committee's deployment, on the evening of July 31, under the pretext of hosting a dinner and playing mahjong, detained the commanders and deputy commanders of two enemy regiments, effectively supporting the uprising's combat.
On the eve of the uprising, our army conducted reconnaissance on enemy conditions under the guise of "changing defense," "conducting field exercises," and "visiting," stationed near the enemy's garrison, waiting for the moment to launch the uprising.
At 2 a.m. on August 1, 1927, over 20,000 troops of the uprising, under the command of Zhou Enlai, He Long, Ye Ting, Zhu De, Liu Bocheng, and others, launched a fierce attack on the enemy. After four hours of intense fighting, the uprising army completely controlled Nanchang City, annihilating over 3,000 enemy defenders, capturing more than 800 machine guns, over 4,000 rifles, and over 700,000 rounds of ammunition. Nie Rongzhen and Zhou Shidi led most of the 25th Division to arrive in Nanchang on August 2.
To provide a more intuitive and detailed understanding of the entire battle process of the Nanchang Uprising, let’s take a look at the multimedia "Nanchang August 1st Uprising Battle Process Sand Table Model" and the multimedia scene "Attacking the Enemy's General Command."
On the morning of August 1, in the name of the Central Executive Committee of the Kuomintang, a new government organization called the "Chinese Kuomintang Revolutionary Committee" was established in the Xihua Hall of the Jiangxi Provincial Government, with a majority of communists and participation from leftist Kuomintang members. The committee had 25 members and issued a series of important announcements, including a declaration and political program, calling for uncompromising continuation of anti-imperialism and anti-feudalism, and the implementation of land reform. Song Qingling, Deng Yanda, Tan Pingshan, Zhang Fakui, He Long, Guo Moruo, and Yun Daiying were elected as the chairpersons of the presidium.
To unify command, the troops were reorganized, and the uprising forces continued to use the designation of the Second Front Army of the National Revolutionary Army, which included three armies: the 11th Army, commanded by Ye Ting; the 20th Army, commanded by He Long; and the 9th Army, with Zhu De as deputy commander, who reappointed commanders at the regiment level and above. The Revolutionary Committee appointed He Long as the acting commander of the Second Front Army of the National Revolutionary Army and Ye Ting as the acting commander of the front.
On August 2, tens of thousands of people from all walks of life in Nanchang held a rally at the public stadium to celebrate the victory of the Nanchang Uprising and the establishment of the Revolutionary Committee. What you see now is the immersive large-scale multimedia scene "Nanchang August 2nd 50,000 People Rally," where you can feel the atmosphere of 50,000 people celebrating victory.
In Nanchang, a song called "August 1st Uprising" has been passed down, which is one of the earliest musical works documenting the August 1st Nanchang Uprising: "On July 31, in the middle of the night, there was a commotion, grenades and machine guns rattling, rattling until dawn; could it be that the Kuomintang is staging a coup again? Could it be that the wounded are causing trouble in the city? Ah oh hey! Oh hey! Oh hey! Just thinking about it makes me scared. "At dawn on August 1, the people got up early, last night the machine guns rattled, rattling for what? It turns out to be the armed uprising of the Communist Party, it turns out to be the Red Army solving the Kuomintang, ah hee ha! Hee ha! Hee ha! I am so happy and laughing!" (This part is sung live by the narrator). The lyrics of this song narrate the situation of the uprising in the voice of the common people of Nanchang, using a folk storytelling question-and-answer style, expressing the joy of the people.
After the victory of the uprising, the people expressed their support for the uprising army in various ways, such as donating money and goods, enthusiastically enlisting in the army, and organizing stretcher teams.
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